study4/result/Urbanisation (Đô thị hóa)/study4_anki_deck (1)/1study4_anki.csv

1	exacerbate	(v)	/ɪɡˈzæs.ə.beɪt/	làm cho tồi tệ thêm, gia tăng tính nghiêm trọng của vấn đề. đổ thêm dầu vào lửa =(formal) to make something worse, especially a disease or problem [synonym] aggravate	His aggressive reaction only [exacerbated] the situation.<br>This attack will [exacerbate] the already tense relations between the two communities.<br>Longstanding poverty has been [exacerbated] by racial divisions.	<img src="iStock_000016172223Small-451x300.jpg">	[sound:exacerbate_uk.mp3]	[sound:Longstanding_poverty_has_been_exacerbated_by_racial_divisions._us.mp3]
2	exclude	(v)	/ɪkˈskluːd/	Không cho (ai ) vào (một nơi nào ); không cho (ai ) hưởng (quyền =to deliberately not include something in what you are doing or considering	Try [excluding] fat from your diet.<br>Buses run every hour, Sundays [excluded]<br>Women are still [excluded] from the club.	<img src="paste-10398115823826.jpg">	[sound:exclude_uk.mp3]	[sound:Women_are_still_excluded_from_the_club._us.mp3]
3	filth	(n)	/fɪlθ/	Rác rưởi, rác bẩn. =any very dirty and unpleasant substance	The floor was covered in grease and [filth].<br>The familiar stench of [filth], dirt, blood, and sweat filled his nose<br>She wondered if she would ever get clean of all the accumulated [filth]	<img src="article-0-0D2EAE4600000578-744_638x423.jpg">	[sound:filth_uk.mp3]	[sound:She_wondered_if_she_would_ever_get_clean_of_all_the_accumulated_filth_us.mp3]
4	flourish	(v)	/ˈflʌr.ɪʃ/	Hưng thịnh, thịnh vượng, phát đạt; thành công; phát triển, mọc sum sê (cây ) =to develop quickly and be successful or common [synonym] thrive	Few businesses are [flourishing] in the present economic climate.<br>There was a [flourishing] black market.<br>Business [flourished] and within six months they were earning 18,000 roubles a day.	<img src="TRACY+ROBIN_PRINT-38-e.jpg">	[sound:flourish_uk.mp3]	[sound:Business_flourished_and_within_six_months_they_were_earning_18,000_roubles_a_day._us.mp3]
5	habitat	(n)	/ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/	Môi trường sống, nơi sống (của cây cối động vật). Nhà, chỗ ở (người). =the natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives	The panda's natural [habitat] is the bamboo forest<br>The marshes provide a rich [habitat] for water plants.<br>This chance to view the animals in their natural [habitat] should not be passed by.	<img src="paste-6274947219892.jpg">	[sound:habitat_uk.mp3]	[sound:This_chance_to_view_the_animals_in_their_natural_habitat_should_not_be_passed_by._us.mp3]
6	hereditary	(adj)	/həˈred.ɪ.tər.i/	Di truyền, cha truyền con nối. =passed from parents to children	It is a [hereditary] title, so Mark Howard will become Sir Mark Howard on his father's death.<br>Depression is often [hereditary].<br>the Queen's [hereditary] right to the throne	<img src="paste-24197845746229.jpg">	[sound:hereditary_uk.mp3]	[sound:the_Queen's_hereditary_right_to_the_throne_us.mp3]
7	incinerator	(n)	/ɪnˈsɪn.ər.eɪ.tər/	Lò đốt rác. =a container which is closed on all sides for burning waste at high temperatures	a garbage/hazardous-waste [incinerator]<br>a hospital [incinerator]<br>Are there other forms of waste disposal such as [incinerators]?	<img src="midi-proburn-incinerator.jpg">	[sound:incinerator_uk.mp3]	[sound:Are_there_other_forms_of_waste_disposal_such_as_incinerators?_us.mp3]
8	infrastructure	(n)	/ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər/	Cơ sở hạ tầng, hạ tầng cơ sở. =the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization to run smoothly, for example buildings, transport and water and power supplies	The war has badly damaged the country's [infrastructure]<br>More money is needed to maintain the city's [infrastructure].<br>The minister is responsible for the country's transport [infrastructure].	<img src="paste-7142530614100.jpg">	[sound:infrastructure_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_minister_is_responsible_for_the_country's_transport_infrastructure._us.mp3]
9	inhabit	(v)	/ɪnˈhæb.ɪt/	Ở, sống ở (nơi nào) =(formal) to live in a particular place	These remote islands are [inhabited] only by birds<br>some of the rare species that [inhabit] the area<br>Russians still regard it as a place [inhabited] by criminals, bears and wolves.	<img src="inhabit5.jpg">	[sound:inhabit_uk.mp3]	[sound:Russians_still_regard_it_as_a_place_inhabited_by_criminals,_bears_and_wolves._us.mp3]
10	inhabitant	(n)	/ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/	Người cư trú, cư dân. =a person or an animal that lives in a particular place	the oldest [inhabitant] of the village<br>a town of 11 000 [inhabitants]<br>The first [inhabitant] of the farm was my great-grandfather, who built the house.	<img src="0023ae6962091012e1071f.jpg">	[sound:inhabitant_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_first_inhabitant_of_the_farm_was_my_great-grandfather,_who_built_the_house._us.mp3]
11	insoluble	(adj)	/ɪnˈsɒl.jə.bəl/	Không giải quyết được. =(usually US English [insolvable]) that cannot be solved or explained	The problem seemed [insoluble].<br>Traffic congestion in large cities seems to be an [insoluble] problem.<br>Often it seems that Africa's problems are [insoluble].	<img src="56a0d09f45df2909eb445e518dc352bb.jpg">	[sound:insoluble_uk.mp3]	[sound:Often_it_seems_that_Africa's_problems_are_insoluble._us.mp3]
12	isolate	(v)	/ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/	Cô lập. (Y học) Cách ly. =to separate something from other things with which it is connected or mixed	A high wall [isolated] the house from the rest of the village.<br>They tried to [isolate] (= find) the cause of the problem.<br>He was [isolated] from all the other prisoners.	<img src="763264476321100698D0D2D5C7D35061f.png">	[sound:isolate_uk.mp3]	[sound:He_was_isolated_from_all_the_other_prisoners._us.mp3]
13	isolation	(n)	/ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/	Sự cô lập. (Y học) Sự cách ly. =the fact that something is separate and not connected to other things	geographical [isolation]<br>an [isolation] hospital/ward (= for people with infectious diseases)<br>The prisoner had been kept in [isolation] for three days.	<img src="isolation.png">	[sound:isolation_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_prisoner_had_been_kept_in_isolation_for_three_days._us.mp3]
14	issue	(n)	/ˈɪʃ.uː/	Vấn đề (đang tranh cãi, đang kiện cáo ); vấn đề chín muồi (có thể quyết định) =an important topic that people are discussing or arguing about	environmental/ethical/personal [issues]<br>As employers we need to be seen to be addressing (= dealing with) these [issues] sympathetically.<br>Agents will raise the [issue] of prize-money for next year's world championships.	<img src="paste-25370371817878.jpg">	[sound:issue_uk.mp3]	[sound:Agents_will_raise_the_issue_of_prize-money_for_next_year's_world_championships._us.mp3]
15	linger	(v)	/ˈlɪŋ.ɡər/	Nấn ná, lần lữa, chần chừ, nán lại Kéo dài. =to continue to exist for longer than expected. to stay somewhere for longer because you do not want to leave; to spend a long time doing something	The faint smell of her perfume [lingered] in the room<br>She [lingered] for a few minutes to talk to Nick.<br>He was ashamed. That feeling [lingered], and he was never comfortable in church after that.	<img src="paste-11699490915162.jpg">	[sound:linger_uk.mp3]	[sound:He_was_ashamed._That_feeling_lingered,_and_he_was_never_comfortable_in_church_after_that._us.mp3]
16	long-term	(adj)	/ˌlɒŋˈtɜːm/	Dài hạn, dài ngày, lâu dài. =continuing a long time into the future:	[long-term] unemployment<br>the [long-term] effects of the drug<br>The association believes new technology will provide a [long-term] solution to credit card fraud.	<img src="e7cdbfe1766b6a5f05fef5c151f3c726.jpg">	[sound:long-term_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_association_believes_new_technology_will_provide_a_long-term_solution_to_credit_card_fraud._us.mp3]
17	manage	(v)	/ˈmæn.ɪdʒ/	Đạt kết quả, đạt mục đích, xoay sở được, tìm được cách =to succeed in doing or dealing with something, especially something difficult	I only just [managed] to finish on time<br>How did you [manage] to persuade him?<br>Over the past 12 months the company has [managed] a 10 per cent improvement.	<img src="paste-3899830305152.jpg">	[sound:manage_uk.mp3]	[sound:Over_the_past_12_months_the_company_has_managed_a_10_per_cent_improvement._us.mp3]
18	marginal	(adj)	/ˈmɑː.dʒɪ.nəl/	rất nhỏ, gần như không đáng kể =very small in amount or effect	The report suggests that there has only been a [marginal] improvement in women's pay over the past few years.<br>The difference between the two bids was [marginal].<br>We have doubled our computing power at a [marginal] extra cost.	<img src="paste-24558622998941.jpg">	[sound:marginal_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_have_doubled_our_computing_power_at_a_marginal_extra_cost._us.mp3]
19	modify	(v)	/ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/	Sửa đổi, thay đổi. =to change something slightly, especially in order to make it more suitable for a particular purpose [synonym] adapt	The software we use has been [modified] for us.<br>Patients are taught how to [modify] their diet.<br>We found it cheaper to [modify] existing equipment rather than buy new.	<img src="US_Navy_100422-N-6357K-008_teelworker_Constructionman_Justin_Sneed_perates_a_gas_cutter_to_modify_a_support_post_to_be_used_in_fabricating_a_maintenance_catwalk_at_a_water_treatment_facility_at_Naval_Station_Rota,_Spain.jpg">	[sound:modify_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_found_it_cheaper_to_modify_existing_equipment_rather_than_buy_new._us.mp3]
20	mount	(v)	/maʊnt/	Tăng lên. =to gradually increase, rise, or get bigger	The children's excitement is [mounting] as Christmas gets nearer<br>Pressure is [mounting] on the government to change the law.<br>Anxiety for the missing climbers is [mounting].	<img src="n01a12f01b.gif">	[sound:mount_uk.mp3]	[sound:Anxiety_for_the_missing_climbers_is_mounting._us.mp3]
21	nascent	(adj)	/ˈneɪ.sənt/	Mới sinh, mới mọc, còn non trẻ =beginning to exist; not yet fully developed	a [nascent] industry<br>a [nascent] democracy<br>Everyone in this [nascent] business is still struggling with basic issues.	<img src="nascent.jpg">	[sound:nascent_uk.mp3]	[sound:Everyone_in_this_nascent_business_is_still_struggling_with_basic_issues._us.mp3]
22	necessity	(n)	/nəˈses.ɪ.ti/	Những thứ cần thiết, những thứ cần dùng. =something that you need, especially in order to live	Many people cannot even afford basic [necessities] such as food and clothing.<br>Air-conditioning is an absolute [necessity] in this climate.<br>We brought only the bare [necessities] with us.	<img src="1JOBS-articleLarge.jpg">	[sound:necessity_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_brought_only_the_bare_necessities_with_us._us.mp3]
23	neglect	(v)	/nɪˈɡlekt/	Bỏ bê, bỏ mặc. Thờ ơ, hờ hững. =to not give enough care or attention to people or things that are your responsibility Sao lãng, không chú ý.	He [neglects] that poor dog - he never takes him for walks or gives him any attention.<br>She's been [neglecting] her studies this semester.<br>I've been [neglecting] my friends recently.	<img src="safecare-evidence.jpg">	[sound:neglect_uk.mp3]	[sound:I've_been_neglecting_my_friends_recently._us.mp3]
24	notorious	(adj)	/nəʊˈtɔː.ri.əs/	(Thường, nghĩa xấu) Nổi danh, nổi tiếng; có tiếng xấu. =well known for being bad Khét tiếng.	one of Mexico's most [notorious] criminals<br>The company is [notorious] for paying its bills late.<br>The canal is [notorious] for its pollution.	<img src="n-SERIAL-KILLERS-628x314.jpg">	[sound:notorious_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_canal_is_notorious_for_its_pollution._us.mp3]
25	one-sided	(adj)	/ˌwʌnˈsaɪ.dɪd/	Một chiều, phiến diện. Không công bằng, thiên vị. =(disapproving) (of an argument, opinion, etc ) showing only one side of the situation; not balanced [synonym] biased	The press were accused of presenting a very [one-sided] picture of the issue<br>They blamed their defeat on the media's [one-sided] reporting of the election.<br>Muster needed just 72 minutes to win the [one-sided] match, 6-2, 6-3.	<img src="unbalanced-scales1.jpg">	[sound:one-sided_uk.mp3]	[sound:Muster_needed_just_72_minutes_to_win_the_one-sided_match,_6-2,_6-3._us.mp3]
26	overpopulation	(n)	/ˌəʊ.vəˌpɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/	Sự đông dân quá mức =the fact of a country or city having too many people living in it	the problems of [overpopulation]<br>[Overpopulation] is a serious problem the world needs to deal with<br>At present there is [overpopulation] of deer in the Highlands	<img src="overpopulation-602x264.jpg">	[sound:overpopulation_uk.mp3]	[sound:At_present_there_is_overpopulation_of_deer_in_the_Highlands_us.mp3]
27	overpriced	(adj)	/ˌəʊ.vəˈpraɪst/	có giá cao quá mức =too expensive; costing more than it is worth	These shoes are very nice, but they're really [overpriced]<br>ridiculously [overpriced] designer clothes<br>Their goods are [overpriced]	<img src="paste-11188389806257.jpg">	[sound:overpriced_uk.mp3]	[sound:Their_goods_are_overpriced_us.mp3]
28	pawnbroker	(n)	/ˈpɔːnˌbroʊ.kər/	Chủ hiệu cầm đồ. =a person who lends money in exchange for objects that he or she can sell if the person leaving the objects does not pay an agreed amount of money in an agreed time	at the [pawnbroker]'s — đang đem cầm, đang ở hiệu cầm đồ (đồ)<br>Money borrowed from the [pawnbroker] did not have to be repaid for fifteen months.<br>If the [pawnbroker] gets no price, then the pawnbroker can look at other options.	<img src="PAWN_1237332c.jpg">	[sound:pawnbroker_uk.mp3]	[sound:If_the_pawnbroker_gets_no_price,_then_the_pawnbroker_can_look_at_other_options._us.mp3]
29	pawnshop	(n)	/ˈpɔːnˌʃɒp/	Hiệu cầm đồ. =a shop where a pawnbroker operates his or her business	Second-hand stores and [pawnshops] in Vancouver send in 400,000 routine reports each year on the items they purchase.<br>I had to go in and out of [pawnshops] and drug stores every day for more than four years.<br>Our only used bookstore has gone, to be replaced by a [pawnshop], of all things.	<img src="paste-16320875725230.jpg">	[sound:pawnshop_uk.mp3]	[sound:Our_only_used_bookstore_has_gone,_to_be_replaced_by_a_pawnshop,_of_all_things._us.mp3]
30	poverty	(n)	/ˈpɒv.ə.ti/	Sự nghèo nàn; cảnh nghèo nàn, cảnh bần cùng =the condition of being extremely poor	He emigrated to Australia to escape the grinding (= very great) [poverty] of his birthplace.<br>Helping to alleviate [poverty] in developing countries also helps to reduce environmental destruction.<br>Since 1990 almost 1.1 billion have escaped extreme [poverty].	<img src="paste-24623047508754.jpg">	[sound:poverty_uk.mp3]	[sound:Since_1990_almost_1.1_billion_have_escaped_extreme_poverty._us.mp3]