study4/result/Urbanisation (Đô thị hóa)/study4_anki_deck/study4_anki.csv

1	acclimatise	(v)	/əˈklaɪ.mə.taɪz/	Thích nghi với khí hậu. Thích nghi với môi trường =to get used to a new place, situation or climate	It takes many months to [acclimatize] to life in the tropics.<br>We haven't got [acclimatized] to village life yet<br>The athletes are [acclimatizing] to the heat by staying in Monte Carlo.	<img src="2-1450957884071.jpg">	[sound:acclimatise_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_athletes_are_acclimatizing_to_the_heat_by_staying_in_Monte_Carlo._us.mp3]
2	adequate	(adj)	/ˈæd.ɪ.kwət/	Đủ, đầy đủ. =enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose	Have we got [adequate] food for 20 guests?<br>I didn't have [adequate] time to prepare.<br>It's not a big salary but it's [adequate] for our needs	<img src="1367891687307.jpg">	[sound:adequate_uk.mp3]	[sound:It's_not_a_big_salary_but_it's_adequate_for_our_needs_us.mp3]
3	adjust	(v)	/əˈdʒʌst/	Sửa lại cho đúng, điều chỉnh Chỉnh lý, làm cho thích hợp =to change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable	If the chair is too high you can [adjust] it to suit you.<br>As a teacher you have to [adjust] your methods to suit the needs of slower children.<br>It has been hard to [adjust] but now I'm getting satisfaction from my work.	<img src="adjust-seat-400x280.jpg">	[sound:adjust_uk.mp3]	[sound:It_has_been_hard_to_adjust_but_now_I'm_getting_satisfaction_from_my_work._us.mp3]
4	advance	(v)	/ədˈvɑːns/	Làm cho tiến bộ, làm tiến mau (khoa học, tri thức, =if knowledge, technology, etc	Our knowledge of the disease has [advanced] considerably over recent years.<br>This research has done much to [advance] our understanding of language learning.<br>Medical technology has [advanced] considerably.	<img src="paste-8306466750664.jpg">	[sound:advance_uk.mp3]	[sound:Medical_technology_has_advanced_considerably._us.mp3]
5	aggravate	(v)	/'æɡrəveɪt/	Làm trầm trọng thêm, làm nặng thêm, làm nguy ngập thêm, làm xấu thêm =to make an illness or a bad or unpleasant situation worse [synonym] worsen	Pollution can [aggravate] asthma.<br>Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further [aggravated] the problem of traffic congestion.<br>Stress and lack of sleep can [aggravate] the situation.	<img src="aggravate.jpg">	[sound:aggravate_uk.mp3]	[sound:Stress_and_lack_of_sleep_can_aggravate_the_situation._us.mp3]
6	amend	(v)	/əˈmend/	Sửa đổi, thay đổi (văn kiện pháp lý); bổ sung (chỗ thiếu sót, sai lầm trong một văn kiện ) =to change a law, document, statement, etc slightly in order to correct a mistake or to improve it	MPs were urged to [amend] the law to prevent another oil tanker disaster.<br>In line 20, "men" should be [amended] (= changed) to "people".<br>The president agreed to [amend] the constitution and allow multi-party elections.	<img src="aid1320444-v4-728px-Amend-a-Federal-Tax-Return-Step-21.jpg">	[sound:amend_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_president_agreed_to_amend_the_constitution_and_allow_multi-party_elections._us.mp3]
7	apparel	(n)	/əˈpærəl/	Quần áo, y phục. =clothing, when it is being sold in shops/stores	The store sells women's and children's [apparel].<br>The store specializes in plus-size [apparel].<br>They were dressed in bright [apparel]	<img src="paste-15504831938995.jpg">	[sound:apparel_uk.mp3]	[sound:They_were_dressed_in_bright_apparel_us.mp3]
8	burst	(v)	/bɜːst/	Nổ, nổ tung (bom, đạn ); vỡ (mụn nhọt); nổ, vỡ (bong bóng); vỡ, vỡ tung ra (để); nhú, nở (lá, nụ hoa) =to break open or apart suddenly, or to make something do this	I hate it when balloons [burst].<br>Suddenly the door [burst] open (= opened suddenly and forcefully) and police officers rushed in.<br>The driver lost control when a tyre [burst].	<img src="giphy (2).gif">	[sound:burst_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_driver_lost_control_when_a_tyre_burst._us.mp3]
9	cast-off	(n)	/ˈkɑːst.ɒf/	quần áo cũ bị bỏ đi, không dùng đến nữa =a piece of clothing that the original owner no longer wants to wear	She used to wear her sister's [cast-offs].<br>I'm not going out in her [cast-offs]!<br>Then a young girl, dressed in the flashy [cast-offs] of the second - hand, observes her.	<img src="1479449026_122_Bursting-at-the-seams-Singapore039s-cast-off-clothing.jpg">	[sound:cast-off_uk.mp3]	[sound:Then_a_young_girl,_dressed_in_the_flashy_cast-offs_of_the_second_-_hand,_observes_her._us.mp3]
10	catastrophe	(n)	/kəˈtæs.trə.fi/	Tai ương, tai biến, thảm hoạ, tai hoạ lớn. =a sudden event that causes many people to suffer [synonym] disaster	Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major [catastrophe]<br>We've had a few [catastrophes] with the food for the party.<br>Losing his job was a financial [catastrophe] for his family.	<img src="catastrophe.jpg">	[sound:catastrophe_uk.mp3]	[sound:Losing_his_job_was_a_financial_catastrophe_for_his_family._us.mp3]
11	catastrophic	(adj)	/ˌkæt.əˈstrɒf.ɪk/	Thảm hoạ, thê thảm. =(of a natural event) causing a lot of damage and suffering causing a lot of problems for people [synonym] disastrous	a [catastrophic] earthquake/flood/wildfire.<br>a [catastrophic] failure/collapse/defeat<br>A [catastrophic] storm made landfall on US soil.	<img src="catastrophic_tsunami_by_lyees_net-d46bv84.png">	[sound:catastrophic_uk.mp3]	[sound:A_catastrophic_storm_made_landfall_on_US_soil._us.mp3]
12	challenge	(n)	/ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/	thách thức =a new or difficult task that tests somebody's ability and skill	The role will be the biggest [challenge] of his acting career.<br>Schools must meet the [challenge] of new technology (= deal with it successfully).<br>The new government's first [challenge] is the economy.	<img src="635977405012511499-629071894_challenge.jpg">	[sound:challenge_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_new_government's_first_challenge_is_the_economy._us.mp3]
13	cinder	(n)	/ˈsɪn.dər/	Thanh cháy dở. Xỉ, than xỉ. =a small piece of ash or partly burnt coal, wood, etc that is no longer burning but may still be hot	The logs had turned into blackened [cinders].<br>a fireplace full of glowing red [cinders]<br>The cake was burned to a [cinder] (= burned black).	<img src="1 (2)_1470756627999.jpg">	[sound:cinder_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_cake_was_burned_to_a_cinder_._us.mp3]
14	component	(n)	/kəmˈpəʊ.nənt/	Thành phần, phần hợp thành. =a part that combines with other parts to form something bigger	The factory supplies electrical [components] for cars.<br>The course has four main [components]: business law, finance, computing and management skills<br>Fresh fruit and vegetables are an essential [component] of a healthy diet.	<img src="auto-components_625x300_51405594271.jpg">	[sound:component_uk.mp3]	[sound:Fresh_fruit_and_vegetables_are_an_essential_component_of_a_healthy_diet._us.mp3]
15	compound	(v)	/kəmˈpaʊnd/	làm phức tạp thêm, gây khó khăn thêm cho một vấn đề =to make something bad become even worse by causing further damage or problems \	The problems were [compounded] by severe food shortages<br>The Chancellor [compounded] the situation by ruling out an early cut in interest rates.<br>The problem is [compounded] by the medical system here.	<img src="7607480-serious-engineer-designing-resolve-compound-architectural-problem-Stock-Photo.jpg">	[sound:compound_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_problem_is_compounded_by_the_medical_system_here._us.mp3]
16	compromise	(n)	/ˈkɒm.prə.maɪz/	Sự thoả hiệp =an agreement in an argument in which the people involved reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree	In a [compromise] between management and unions, a four percent pay rise was agreed in return for an increase in productivity.<br>The government has said that there will be no [compromise] with terrorists.<br>Encourage your child to reach a [compromise] between what he wants and what you want.	<img src="paste-26302379721108.jpg">	[sound:compromise_uk.mp3]	[sound:Encourage_your_child_to_reach_a_compromise_between_what_he_wants_and_what_you_want._us.mp3]
17	conference	(n)	/ˈkɒn.fər.əns/	Hội nghị =a large official meeting, usually lasting for a few days, at which people with the same work or interests come together to discuss their views	The hotel is used for exhibitions, [conferences] and social events.<br>a [conference] room/centre/hall<br>She is attending a three-day [conference] on AIDS education.	<img src="paste-25692494365436.jpg">	[sound:conference_uk.mp3]	[sound:She_is_attending_a_three-day_conference_on_AIDS_education._us.mp3]
18	consumerism	(n)	/kənˈsjuː.məˌrɪ.zəm/	Chủ nghĩa tiêu thụ, sự tiêu dùng. =the buying and using of goods and services; the belief that it is good for a society or an individual person to buy and use a large quantity of goods and services	He disliked Christmas and its rampant (= extreme) [consumerism].<br>The growth of [consumerism] has led to many organizations improving their service to the customer<br>Many people are becoming increasingly conscious of the environmental impact of [consumerism]	<img src="paste-17355962843551.jpg">	[sound:consumerism_uk.mp3]	[sound:Many_people_are_becoming_increasingly_conscious_of_the_environmental_impact_of_consumerism_us.mp3]
19	crowded	(adj)	/ˈkraʊ.dɪd/	Đông đúc, chật ních. =having a lot of people or too many people	In the spring the place is [crowded] with skiers.<br>London was very [crowded].<br>By ten o'clock the bar was [crowded].	<img src="paste-10797547782568.jpg">	[sound:crowded_uk.mp3]	[sound:By_ten_o'clock_the_bar_was_crowded._us.mp3]
20	decent	(adj)	/ˈdiː.sənt/	Kha khá, tươm tất, tử tế, tốt. =of a good enough standard or quality	(informal) a [decent] meal/job/place to live<br>I need a [decent] night's sleep<br>I thought he was a [decent] person.	<img src="paste-3869765534628.jpg">	[sound:decent_uk.mp3]	[sound:I_thought_he_was_a_decent_person._us.mp3]
21	demand	(n)	/dɪˈmɑːnd/	nhu cầu (của khách hàng, thị trường, người tiêu dùng) =the desire or need of customers for goods or services which they want to buy or use. [opposite] supply	to meet the [demand] for a product<br>There's an increased [demand] for organic produce these days.<br>[Demand] is exceeding supply.	<img src="paste-17742509900012.jpg">	[sound:demand_uk.mp3]	[sound:Demand_is_exceeding_supply._us.mp3]
22	deteriorate	(v)	/dɪˈtɪə.ri.ə.reɪt/	trở nên tệ đi, trở nên xấu đi, có chuyển biến xấu =to become worse	She was taken into hospital last week when her condition suddenly [deteriorated].<br>The political situation in the region has [deteriorated] rapidly.<br>There are fears that the situation might [deteriorate] into full-scale war.	<img src="deteriorate_3.jpg">	[sound:deteriorate_uk.mp3]	[sound:There_are_fears_that_the_situation_might_deteriorate_into_full-scale_war._us.mp3]
23	difficulty	(n)	/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/	Sự khó khăn, nỗi khó khăn, nỗi gay go; điều cản trở, điều trở ngại =a problem; a thing or situation that causes problems	She had great [difficulty] finding a job.<br>People with asthma have [difficulty] in breathing.<br>The injured man mounted his horse with [difficulty].	<img src="difficulty-reading.jpg">	[sound:difficulty_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_injured_man_mounted_his_horse_with_difficulty._us.mp3]
24	dilemma	(n)	/daɪˈlem.ə/	tình thế tiến thoái lưỡng nan, tình trạng khó xử. =a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two different things you could do	She faces the [dilemma] of disobeying her father or losing the man she loves.<br>He was faced with the [dilemma] of whether or not to return to his country.<br>The issue raises a moral [dilemma].	<img src="innovators-dilemma.jpg">	[sound:dilemma_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_issue_raises_a_moral_dilemma._us.mp3]
25	disagreeable	(adj)	/ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbl/	Khó chịu, không đẹp, không dễ coi, không dễ nghe =not nice or enjoyable [synonym] unpleasant	a [disagreeable] smell/experience/job<br>a [disagreeable] young man<br>She said some very [disagreeable] things.	<img src="harsh.png">	[sound:disagreeable_uk.mp3]	[sound:She_said_some_very_disagreeable_things._us.mp3]
26	disposal	(n)	/dɪˈspəʊ.zəl/	sự vứt bỏ, sự thải bỏ =the act of getting rid of something, especially by throwing it away	waste [disposal]<br>the [disposal] of hazardous substances<br>These bins should not be used for the [disposal] of kitchen waste.	<img src="paste-20787641712861.jpg">	[sound:disposal_uk.mp3]	[sound:These_bins_should_not_be_used_for_the_disposal_of_kitchen_waste._us.mp3]
27	double-edged	(adj)	/ˌdʌb.əlˈedʒd/	(Nghĩa bóng) Hai lưỡi (vừa lợi vừa hại cho mình như dao hai lưỡi) (lý luận ). =If you say that something is double-edged, you mean that its positive effects are balanced by its negative effects, or that its negative effects are greater.	She paid me the [double-edged] compliment of saying my work was "excellent for a beginner<br>But tourism is [double-edged], boosting the economy but damaging the environment.<br>Riley's early celebrity proved to be [double-edged].	<img src="double-edged-sword2.jpg">	[sound:double-edged_uk.mp3]	[sound:Riley's_early_celebrity_proved_to_be_double-edged._us.mp3]
28	ecologically	(adv)	/ˌiː.kəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl.i/	Về phương diện sinh thái. =in a way that is connected with the relation of plants and living creatures to each other and to their environment	The system is both practical and [ecologically] sound.<br>People are a lot more [ecologically] aware these days.<br>Supermarkets were beginning to think more [ecologically].	<img src="112198_184582.jpg">	[sound:ecologically_uk.mp3]	[sound:Supermarkets_were_beginning_to_think_more_ecologically._us.mp3]
29	enhance	(v)	/ɪnˈhɑːns/	Làm tăng, nâng cao, đề cao, làm nổi bật (đức tính, quyền hạn ) =to increase or further improve the good quality, value or status of somebody/something	This is an opportunity to [enhance] the reputation of the company.<br>the skilled use of make-up to [enhance] your best features<br>The beiges and creams of its suites are [enhanced] by splashes of warm colour in the cushions and throws.	<img src="maxresdefault (10)_1470756627999.jpg">	[sound:enhance_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_beiges_and_creams_of_its_suites_are_enhanced_by_splashes_of_warm_colour_in_the_cushions_and_throws._us.mp3]
30	enormous	(adj)	/ɪˈnɔː.məs/	To lớn, khổng lồ. =extremely large [synonym] huge, immense	an [enormous] car/house<br>He earns an [enormous] salary.<br>You've been an [enormous] help.	<img src="42213f03e1f21537a8e4df38aa4ca24d.jpg">	[sound:enormous_uk.mp3]	[sound:You've_been_an_enormous_help._us.mp3]
31	exacerbate	(v)	/ɪɡˈzæs.ə.beɪt/	làm cho tồi tệ thêm, gia tăng tính nghiêm trọng của vấn đề. đổ thêm dầu vào lửa =(formal) to make something worse, especially a disease or problem [synonym] aggravate	His aggressive reaction only [exacerbated] the situation.<br>This attack will [exacerbate] the already tense relations between the two communities.<br>Longstanding poverty has been [exacerbated] by racial divisions.	<img src="iStock_000016172223Small-451x300.jpg">	[sound:exacerbate_uk.mp3]	[sound:Longstanding_poverty_has_been_exacerbated_by_racial_divisions._us.mp3]
32	exclude	(v)	/ɪkˈskluːd/	Không cho (ai ) vào (một nơi nào ); không cho (ai ) hưởng (quyền =to deliberately not include something in what you are doing or considering	Try [excluding] fat from your diet.<br>Buses run every hour, Sundays [excluded]<br>Women are still [excluded] from the club.	<img src="paste-10398115823826.jpg">	[sound:exclude_uk.mp3]	[sound:Women_are_still_excluded_from_the_club._us.mp3]
33	filth	(n)	/fɪlθ/	Rác rưởi, rác bẩn. =any very dirty and unpleasant substance	The floor was covered in grease and [filth].<br>The familiar stench of [filth], dirt, blood, and sweat filled his nose<br>She wondered if she would ever get clean of all the accumulated [filth]	<img src="article-0-0D2EAE4600000578-744_638x423.jpg">	[sound:filth_uk.mp3]	[sound:She_wondered_if_she_would_ever_get_clean_of_all_the_accumulated_filth_us.mp3]
34	flourish	(v)	/ˈflʌr.ɪʃ/	Hưng thịnh, thịnh vượng, phát đạt; thành công; phát triển, mọc sum sê (cây ) =to develop quickly and be successful or common [synonym] thrive	Few businesses are [flourishing] in the present economic climate.<br>There was a [flourishing] black market.<br>Business [flourished] and within six months they were earning 18,000 roubles a day.	<img src="TRACY+ROBIN_PRINT-38-e.jpg">	[sound:flourish_uk.mp3]	[sound:Business_flourished_and_within_six_months_they_were_earning_18,000_roubles_a_day._us.mp3]
35	habitat	(n)	/ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/	Môi trường sống, nơi sống (của cây cối động vật). Nhà, chỗ ở (người). =the natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives	The panda's natural [habitat] is the bamboo forest<br>The marshes provide a rich [habitat] for water plants.<br>This chance to view the animals in their natural [habitat] should not be passed by.	<img src="paste-6274947219892.jpg">	[sound:habitat_uk.mp3]	[sound:This_chance_to_view_the_animals_in_their_natural_habitat_should_not_be_passed_by._us.mp3]
36	hereditary	(adj)	/həˈred.ɪ.tər.i/	Di truyền, cha truyền con nối. =passed from parents to children	It is a [hereditary] title, so Mark Howard will become Sir Mark Howard on his father's death.<br>Depression is often [hereditary].<br>the Queen's [hereditary] right to the throne	<img src="paste-24197845746229.jpg">	[sound:hereditary_uk.mp3]	[sound:the_Queen's_hereditary_right_to_the_throne_us.mp3]
37	incinerator	(n)	/ɪnˈsɪn.ər.eɪ.tər/	Lò đốt rác. =a container which is closed on all sides for burning waste at high temperatures	a garbage/hazardous-waste [incinerator]<br>a hospital [incinerator]<br>Are there other forms of waste disposal such as [incinerators]?	<img src="midi-proburn-incinerator.jpg">	[sound:incinerator_uk.mp3]	[sound:Are_there_other_forms_of_waste_disposal_such_as_incinerators?_us.mp3]
38	infrastructure	(n)	/ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər/	Cơ sở hạ tầng, hạ tầng cơ sở. =the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization to run smoothly, for example buildings, transport and water and power supplies	The war has badly damaged the country's [infrastructure]<br>More money is needed to maintain the city's [infrastructure].<br>The minister is responsible for the country's transport [infrastructure].	<img src="paste-7142530614100.jpg">	[sound:infrastructure_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_minister_is_responsible_for_the_country's_transport_infrastructure._us.mp3]
39	inhabit	(v)	/ɪnˈhæb.ɪt/	Ở, sống ở (nơi nào) =(formal) to live in a particular place	These remote islands are [inhabited] only by birds<br>some of the rare species that [inhabit] the area<br>Russians still regard it as a place [inhabited] by criminals, bears and wolves.	<img src="inhabit5.jpg">	[sound:inhabit_uk.mp3]	[sound:Russians_still_regard_it_as_a_place_inhabited_by_criminals,_bears_and_wolves._us.mp3]
40	inhabitant	(n)	/ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/	Người cư trú, cư dân. =a person or an animal that lives in a particular place	the oldest [inhabitant] of the village<br>a town of 11 000 [inhabitants]<br>The first [inhabitant] of the farm was my great-grandfather, who built the house.	<img src="0023ae6962091012e1071f.jpg">	[sound:inhabitant_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_first_inhabitant_of_the_farm_was_my_great-grandfather,_who_built_the_house._us.mp3]
41	insoluble	(adj)	/ɪnˈsɒl.jə.bəl/	Không giải quyết được. =(usually US English [insolvable]) that cannot be solved or explained	The problem seemed [insoluble].<br>Traffic congestion in large cities seems to be an [insoluble] problem.<br>Often it seems that Africa's problems are [insoluble].	<img src="56a0d09f45df2909eb445e518dc352bb.jpg">	[sound:insoluble_uk.mp3]	[sound:Often_it_seems_that_Africa's_problems_are_insoluble._us.mp3]
42	isolate	(v)	/ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/	Cô lập. (Y học) Cách ly. =to separate something from other things with which it is connected or mixed	A high wall [isolated] the house from the rest of the village.<br>They tried to [isolate] (= find) the cause of the problem.<br>He was [isolated] from all the other prisoners.	<img src="763264476321100698D0D2D5C7D35061f.png">	[sound:isolate_uk.mp3]	[sound:He_was_isolated_from_all_the_other_prisoners._us.mp3]
43	isolation	(n)	/ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/	Sự cô lập. (Y học) Sự cách ly. =the fact that something is separate and not connected to other things	geographical [isolation]<br>an [isolation] hospital/ward (= for people with infectious diseases)<br>The prisoner had been kept in [isolation] for three days.	<img src="isolation.png">	[sound:isolation_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_prisoner_had_been_kept_in_isolation_for_three_days._us.mp3]
44	issue	(n)	/ˈɪʃ.uː/	Vấn đề (đang tranh cãi, đang kiện cáo ); vấn đề chín muồi (có thể quyết định) =an important topic that people are discussing or arguing about	environmental/ethical/personal [issues]<br>As employers we need to be seen to be addressing (= dealing with) these [issues] sympathetically.<br>Agents will raise the [issue] of prize-money for next year's world championships.	<img src="paste-25370371817878.jpg">	[sound:issue_uk.mp3]	[sound:Agents_will_raise_the_issue_of_prize-money_for_next_year's_world_championships._us.mp3]
45	linger	(v)	/ˈlɪŋ.ɡər/	Nấn ná, lần lữa, chần chừ, nán lại Kéo dài. =to continue to exist for longer than expected. to stay somewhere for longer because you do not want to leave; to spend a long time doing something	The faint smell of her perfume [lingered] in the room<br>She [lingered] for a few minutes to talk to Nick.<br>He was ashamed. That feeling [lingered], and he was never comfortable in church after that.	<img src="paste-11699490915162.jpg">	[sound:linger_uk.mp3]	[sound:He_was_ashamed._That_feeling_lingered,_and_he_was_never_comfortable_in_church_after_that._us.mp3]
46	long-term	(adj)	/ˌlɒŋˈtɜːm/	Dài hạn, dài ngày, lâu dài. =continuing a long time into the future:	[long-term] unemployment<br>the [long-term] effects of the drug<br>The association believes new technology will provide a [long-term] solution to credit card fraud.	<img src="e7cdbfe1766b6a5f05fef5c151f3c726.jpg">	[sound:long-term_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_association_believes_new_technology_will_provide_a_long-term_solution_to_credit_card_fraud._us.mp3]
47	manage	(v)	/ˈmæn.ɪdʒ/	Đạt kết quả, đạt mục đích, xoay sở được, tìm được cách =to succeed in doing or dealing with something, especially something difficult	I only just [managed] to finish on time<br>How did you [manage] to persuade him?<br>Over the past 12 months the company has [managed] a 10 per cent improvement.	<img src="paste-3899830305152.jpg">	[sound:manage_uk.mp3]	[sound:Over_the_past_12_months_the_company_has_managed_a_10_per_cent_improvement._us.mp3]
48	marginal	(adj)	/ˈmɑː.dʒɪ.nəl/	rất nhỏ, gần như không đáng kể =very small in amount or effect	The report suggests that there has only been a [marginal] improvement in women's pay over the past few years.<br>The difference between the two bids was [marginal].<br>We have doubled our computing power at a [marginal] extra cost.	<img src="paste-24558622998941.jpg">	[sound:marginal_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_have_doubled_our_computing_power_at_a_marginal_extra_cost._us.mp3]
49	modify	(v)	/ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/	Sửa đổi, thay đổi. =to change something slightly, especially in order to make it more suitable for a particular purpose [synonym] adapt	The software we use has been [modified] for us.<br>Patients are taught how to [modify] their diet.<br>We found it cheaper to [modify] existing equipment rather than buy new.	<img src="US_Navy_100422-N-6357K-008_teelworker_Constructionman_Justin_Sneed_perates_a_gas_cutter_to_modify_a_support_post_to_be_used_in_fabricating_a_maintenance_catwalk_at_a_water_treatment_facility_at_Naval_Station_Rota,_Spain.jpg">	[sound:modify_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_found_it_cheaper_to_modify_existing_equipment_rather_than_buy_new._us.mp3]
50	mount	(v)	/maʊnt/	Tăng lên. =to gradually increase, rise, or get bigger	The children's excitement is [mounting] as Christmas gets nearer<br>Pressure is [mounting] on the government to change the law.<br>Anxiety for the missing climbers is [mounting].	<img src="n01a12f01b.gif">	[sound:mount_uk.mp3]	[sound:Anxiety_for_the_missing_climbers_is_mounting._us.mp3]
51	nascent	(adj)	/ˈneɪ.sənt/	Mới sinh, mới mọc, còn non trẻ =beginning to exist; not yet fully developed	a [nascent] industry<br>a [nascent] democracy<br>Everyone in this [nascent] business is still struggling with basic issues.	<img src="nascent.jpg">	[sound:nascent_uk.mp3]	[sound:Everyone_in_this_nascent_business_is_still_struggling_with_basic_issues._us.mp3]
52	necessity	(n)	/nəˈses.ɪ.ti/	Những thứ cần thiết, những thứ cần dùng. =something that you need, especially in order to live	Many people cannot even afford basic [necessities] such as food and clothing.<br>Air-conditioning is an absolute [necessity] in this climate.<br>We brought only the bare [necessities] with us.	<img src="1JOBS-articleLarge.jpg">	[sound:necessity_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_brought_only_the_bare_necessities_with_us._us.mp3]
53	neglect	(v)	/nɪˈɡlekt/	Bỏ bê, bỏ mặc. Thờ ơ, hờ hững. =to not give enough care or attention to people or things that are your responsibility Sao lãng, không chú ý.	He [neglects] that poor dog - he never takes him for walks or gives him any attention.<br>She's been [neglecting] her studies this semester.<br>I've been [neglecting] my friends recently.	<img src="safecare-evidence.jpg">	[sound:neglect_uk.mp3]	[sound:I've_been_neglecting_my_friends_recently._us.mp3]
54	notorious	(adj)	/nəʊˈtɔː.ri.əs/	(Thường, nghĩa xấu) Nổi danh, nổi tiếng; có tiếng xấu. =well known for being bad Khét tiếng.	one of Mexico's most [notorious] criminals<br>The company is [notorious] for paying its bills late.<br>The canal is [notorious] for its pollution.	<img src="n-SERIAL-KILLERS-628x314.jpg">	[sound:notorious_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_canal_is_notorious_for_its_pollution._us.mp3]
55	one-sided	(adj)	/ˌwʌnˈsaɪ.dɪd/	Một chiều, phiến diện. Không công bằng, thiên vị. =(disapproving) (of an argument, opinion, etc ) showing only one side of the situation; not balanced [synonym] biased	The press were accused of presenting a very [one-sided] picture of the issue<br>They blamed their defeat on the media's [one-sided] reporting of the election.<br>Muster needed just 72 minutes to win the [one-sided] match, 6-2, 6-3.	<img src="unbalanced-scales1.jpg">	[sound:one-sided_uk.mp3]	[sound:Muster_needed_just_72_minutes_to_win_the_one-sided_match,_6-2,_6-3._us.mp3]
56	overpopulation	(n)	/ˌəʊ.vəˌpɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/	Sự đông dân quá mức =the fact of a country or city having too many people living in it	the problems of [overpopulation]<br>[Overpopulation] is a serious problem the world needs to deal with<br>At present there is [overpopulation] of deer in the Highlands	<img src="overpopulation-602x264.jpg">	[sound:overpopulation_uk.mp3]	[sound:At_present_there_is_overpopulation_of_deer_in_the_Highlands_us.mp3]
57	overpriced	(adj)	/ˌəʊ.vəˈpraɪst/	có giá cao quá mức =too expensive; costing more than it is worth	These shoes are very nice, but they're really [overpriced]<br>ridiculously [overpriced] designer clothes<br>Their goods are [overpriced]	<img src="paste-11188389806257.jpg">	[sound:overpriced_uk.mp3]	[sound:Their_goods_are_overpriced_us.mp3]
58	pawnbroker	(n)	/ˈpɔːnˌbroʊ.kər/	Chủ hiệu cầm đồ. =a person who lends money in exchange for objects that he or she can sell if the person leaving the objects does not pay an agreed amount of money in an agreed time	at the [pawnbroker]'s — đang đem cầm, đang ở hiệu cầm đồ (đồ)<br>Money borrowed from the [pawnbroker] did not have to be repaid for fifteen months.<br>If the [pawnbroker] gets no price, then the pawnbroker can look at other options.	<img src="PAWN_1237332c.jpg">	[sound:pawnbroker_uk.mp3]	[sound:If_the_pawnbroker_gets_no_price,_then_the_pawnbroker_can_look_at_other_options._us.mp3]
59	pawnshop	(n)	/ˈpɔːnˌʃɒp/	Hiệu cầm đồ. =a shop where a pawnbroker operates his or her business	Second-hand stores and [pawnshops] in Vancouver send in 400,000 routine reports each year on the items they purchase.<br>I had to go in and out of [pawnshops] and drug stores every day for more than four years.<br>Our only used bookstore has gone, to be replaced by a [pawnshop], of all things.	<img src="paste-16320875725230.jpg">	[sound:pawnshop_uk.mp3]	[sound:Our_only_used_bookstore_has_gone,_to_be_replaced_by_a_pawnshop,_of_all_things._us.mp3]
60	poverty	(n)	/ˈpɒv.ə.ti/	Sự nghèo nàn; cảnh nghèo nàn, cảnh bần cùng =the condition of being extremely poor	He emigrated to Australia to escape the grinding (= very great) [poverty] of his birthplace.<br>Helping to alleviate [poverty] in developing countries also helps to reduce environmental destruction.<br>Since 1990 almost 1.1 billion have escaped extreme [poverty].	<img src="paste-24623047508754.jpg">	[sound:poverty_uk.mp3]	[sound:Since_1990_almost_1.1_billion_have_escaped_extreme_poverty._us.mp3]
61	pressing	(adj)	/ˈpres.ɪŋ/	Thúc bách, cấp bách, cấp thiết gấp. =needing to be dealt with immediately [synonym] urgent	I'm afraid I have some [pressing] business to attend to.<br>The government seems to think that international problems are more [pressing] than domestic ones.<br>The most [pressing] question is what do we do next?	<img src="urgent-blog.jpg">	[sound:pressing_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_most_pressing_question_is_what_do_we_do_next?_us.mp3]
62	progress	(v)	/prəˈɡres/	Tiến tới; tiến bộ; tiến triển, phát triển =to improve or develop over a period of time; to make progress [synonym] advance	The course allows students to [progress] at their own speed.<br>Work on the new road is [progressing] slowly.<br>He started with sketching and then [progressed] to painting.	<img src="Progress.png">	[sound:progress_uk.mp3]	[sound:He_started_with_sketching_and_then_progressed_to_painting._us.mp3]
63	raw	(adj)	/rɔː/	Thô, chưa tinh chế, còn nguyên chất, sống. =(of materials) in its natural state; not yet changed, used or made into something else	Oil is an important [raw] material that can be processed into many different products, including plastics.<br>Discover how eating [raw] food helps balance your body and aids digestion.<br>They claimed that [raw] sewage was being pumped into the sea.	<img src="paste-18867791331543.jpg">	[sound:raw_uk.mp3]	[sound:They_claimed_that_raw_sewage_was_being_pumped_into_the_sea._us.mp3]
64	reform	(v)	/rɪˈfɔːm/	Cải cách, cải thiện, cải tạo, cải tổ =to improve a system, an organization, a law, etc by making changes to it	Who will [reform] our unfair electoral system?<br>He was credited with having [reformed] the education system.<br>A [reformed] party would have to win the approval of the people.	<img src="time-for-change-clock.jpg">	[sound:reform_uk.mp3]	[sound:A_reformed_party_would_have_to_win_the_approval_of_the_people._us.mp3]
65	regulation	(n)	/ˌreɡ.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/	Điều quy định, quy tắc, điều lệ. =an official rule made by a government or some other authority	Under the new [regulations] spending on office equipment will be strictly controlled.<br>the strict [regulations] governing the sale of weapons<br>New safety [regulations] have been brought in.	<img src="paste-21732534517975.jpg">	[sound:regulation_uk.mp3]	[sound:New_safety_regulations_have_been_brought_in._us.mp3]
66	reliant	(adj)	/rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/	dựa chủ yếu vào, phụ thuộc vào =needing somebody/something in order to survive, be successful, etc. [synonym] dependenton/upon something	Businesses have become increasingly [reliant] on complicated computing systems.<br>The service has become heavily [reliant] on government support.<br>He's completely [reliant] on his wheelchair to get about.	<img src="paste-18159121727886.jpg">	[sound:reliant_uk.mp3]	[sound:He's_completely_reliant_on_his_wheelchair_to_get_about._us.mp3]
67	remedy	(n)	/ˈrɛm.ə.di/	Cách khắc phục, biện pháp sửa chữa =a way of dealing with or improving an unpleasant or difficult situation [synonym] solution	There is no simple [remedy] for unemployment.<br>There are a number of possible [remedies] to this problem.<br>Google decided not to pursue criminal charges in the case because it believed civil litigation would be a faster [remedy], Mr. Trinh added.	<img src="Astrovedprescribed400.jpg">	[sound:remedy_uk.mp3]	[sound:Google_decided_not_to_pursue_criminal_charges_in_the_case_because_it_believed_civil_litigation_would_be_a_faster_remedy,_Mr._Trinh_added._us.mp3]
68	resolution	(n)	/ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/	Sự giải quyết (vấn đề, mối nghi ngờ). =the act of [resolving] or ending a problem or difficulty	a successful [resolution] to the crisis.<br>The government is pressing for an early [resolution] of the dispute.<br>He replied that the U.N. had passed two major [resolutions] calling for a complete withdrawal.	<img src="paste-5918464934113.jpg">	[sound:resolution_uk.mp3]	[sound:He_replied_that_the_U.N._had_passed_two_major_resolutions_calling_for_a_complete_withdrawal._us.mp3]
69	resolve	(v)	/rɪˈzɒlv/	Giải quyết (khó khăn, vấn đề, mối nghi ngờ ). =to solve or end a problem or difficulty	Have you [resolved] the problem of transport yet?<br>The couple [resolved] their differences and made an effort to get along.<br>We must find a way to [resolve] these problems before it's too late.	<img src="paste-4299262263704.jpg">	[sound:resolve_uk.mp3]	[sound:We_must_find_a_way_to_resolve_these_problems_before_it's_too_late._us.mp3]
70	scale	(n)	/skeɪl/	tỷ lệ, quy mô, phạm vi. =the size or extent of something, especially when compared with something else	On a global [scale], 77% of energy is created from fossil fuels<br>It was impossible to comprehend the full [scale] of the disaster.<br>How would you rate his work on a [scale] of 1 to 5?	<img src="Banks_Labs1-1400x500.jpg">	[sound:scale_uk.mp3]	[sound:How_would_you_rate_his_work_on_a_scale_of_1_to_5?_us.mp3]
71	scarce	(adj)	/skeəs/	Khan hiếm, ít có, thiếu, khó tìm. =not easy to find or get	Food and clean water were becoming [scarce].<br>[scarce] resources<br>Research evidence in this area is [scarce].	<img src="scarcity_large.jpg">	[sound:scarce_uk.mp3]	[sound:Research_evidence_in_this_area_is_scarce._us.mp3]
72	setback	/ˈset.bæk/		Một trở ngại, khó khăn, thụt lùi =a difficulty or problem that delays or prevents something, or makes a situation worse	The team suffered a major [setback] when their best player was injured.<br>There has been a slight/temporary [setback] in our plans.<br>The move represents a [setback] for the peace process.	<img src="dealing-with-financial-setback-2-setback.jpg">	[sound:setback_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_move_represents_a_setback_for_the_peace_process._us.mp3]
73	short-sighted	(adj)	/ˌʃɔːtˈsaɪ.tɪd/	Thiển cận =not thinking carefully about the possible effects of something or what might happen in the future	It's very [short-sighted] of the government not to invest in technological research<br>a [short-sighted] policy<br>Environmentalists fear that this is a [short-sighted] approach to the problem of global warming.	<img src="short-sighted-marketing.gif">	[sound:short-sighted_uk.mp3]	[sound:Environmentalists_fear_that_this_is_a_short-sighted_approach_to_the_problem_of_global_warming._us.mp3]
74	short-term	(adj)	/ˌʃɔːtˈtɜːm/	Ngắn hạn, ngắn kỳ (tiền cho vay ). =lasting a short time; designed only for a short period of time in the future	a [short-term] loan<br>a [short-term] solution to the problem<br>Investors weren't concerned about [short-term] profits over the next few years.	<img src="paste-2100239008044.jpg">	[sound:short-term_uk.mp3]	[sound:Investors_weren't_concerned_about_short-term_profits_over_the_next_few_years._us.mp3]
75	sift	(v)	/sɪft/	Giần, sàng, rây. =to put flour, sugar, etc through a sieve (= wire net shaped like a bowl) to break up large pieces	[Sift] the flour into a bowl.<br>When the cake is cooked, [sift] some icing sugar over the top of it.<br>[Sift] some powdered sugar on top of the cake.	<img src="paste-22136261444584.jpg">	[sound:sift_uk.mp3]	[sound:Sift_some_powdered_sugar_on_top_of_the_cake._us.mp3]
76	slum	(n)	/slʌm/	Khu nhà ổ chuột. =an area of a city that is very poor and where the houses are dirty and in bad condition	an inner-city [slum]<br>She was brought up in the [slums] of Lima.<br>She works with children in a rough New Jersey [slum].	<img src="paste-7984344204094.jpg">	[sound:slum_uk.mp3]	[sound:She_works_with_children_in_a_rough_New_Jersey_slum._us.mp3]
77	staggering	(adj)	/ˈstæɡ.ər.ɪŋ/	đáng kinh ngạc, gây sốc =so great, shocking or surprising that it is difficult to believe [synonym] astounding	They paid a [staggering] £5 million for the house<br>It costs a [staggering] $50,000 per week to keep the museum open to the public.<br>Nursing care costs a [staggering] $15,000 per week!	<img src="paste-5076651344237.jpg">	[sound:staggering_uk.mp3]	[sound:Nursing_care_costs_a_staggering_$15,000_per_week!_us.mp3]
78	strain	(n)	/streɪn/	gánh nặng, sự căng thẳng, áp lực lớn =pressure on somebody/something because they have too much to do or manage, or something very difficult to deal with. the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces	These repayments are putting a [strain] on our finances<br>The transport service cannot cope with the [strain] of so many additional passengers.<br>The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger [strain] on the economic system.	<img src="paste-6730213753258.jpg">	[sound:strain_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_recent_decline_in_the_dollar_has_put_a_bigger_strain_on_the_economic_system._us.mp3]
79	sufficient	(adj)	/səˈfɪʃ.ənt/	Đủ =enough for a particular purpose; as much as you need .	Allow [sufficient] time to get there<br>Our budget is hardly [sufficient] to pay people, let alone buy any new equipment.<br>This recipe should be [sufficient] for five people.	<img src="Non-Sufficient-Funds-RS9443.jpg">	[sound:sufficient_uk.mp3]	[sound:This_recipe_should_be_sufficient_for_five_people._us.mp3]
80	terrific	(adj)	/təˈrɪf.ɪk/	tốt, tuyệt vời =(informal) excellent; wonderful	I feel absolutely [terrific] today!.<br>That's [terrific] news!<br>Everybody there was having a [terrific] time.	<img src="Charlie-Brown-walking-Snoopy.jpg">	[sound:terrific_uk.mp3]	[sound:Everybody_there_was_having_a_terrific_time._us.mp3]
81	trade	(n)	/treɪd/	Ngành buôn bán; những người trong ngành buôn bán Thương nghiệp, thương mại, sự buôn bán, mậu dịch. =the activity of buying and selling or of exchanging goods or services between people or countries	[Trade] between the two countries has increased.<br>the international [trade] in oil<br>70 percent of the country's [trade] is with Europe.	<img src="paste-14993730830767.jpg">	[sound:trade_uk.mp3]	[sound:70_percent_of_the_country's_trade_is_with_Europe._us.mp3]
82	transform	(v)	/trænsˈfɔːm/	Thay đổi, biến đổi hoàn toàn. =to change completely the appearance or character of something or someone, especially so that that thing or person is improved	A new colour scheme will [transform] your bedroom.<br>It was an event that would [transform] my life.<br>A cheap table can be [transformed] by an interesting cover.	<img src="butterly-500.jpg">	[sound:transform_uk.mp3]	[sound:A_cheap_table_can_be_transformed_by_an_interesting_cover._us.mp3]
83	treatment	(n)	/ˈtriːt.mənt/	(Hoá học) Sự xử lý. =a process by which something is cleaned, or protected against something	a sewage [treatment] plant<br>The city is exploring other methods of water [treatment].<br>The city's sewage [treatment] plant has been overwhelmed by recent rains.	<img src="0_a1dad5f4.jpg">	[sound:treatment_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_city's_sewage_treatment_plant_has_been_overwhelmed_by_recent_rains._us.mp3]
84	ubiquitous	(adj)	/juːˈbɪk.wɪ.təs/	Ở đâu cũng có; hiện diện khắp mọi nơi. =seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common	Leather is very much in fashion this season, as is the [ubiquitous] denim.<br>The mobile phone, that most [ubiquitous] of consumer-electronic appliances, is about to enter a new age.<br>The eel grass limpet used to be [ubiquitous] on the New England coast.	<img src="3301538dcfd14308b02d32cf98739d7a.jpg">	[sound:ubiquitous_uk.mp3]	[sound:The_eel_grass_limpet_used_to_be_ubiquitous_on_the_New_England_coast._us.mp3]
85	unsustainable	(adj)	/ˌʌnsəˈsteɪnəbl/	không bền vững, không thể duy trì lâu dài được =that cannot be continued at the same level, rate, etc [opposite] sustainable	[unsustainable] growth<br>This level of spending is [unsustainable].<br>Many sectors need investment, but the current growth rate is [unsustainable].	<img src="unsustainable__arcadio_esquivel.jpeg">	[sound:unsustainable_uk.mp3]	[sound:Many_sectors_need_investment,_but_the_current_growth_rate_is_unsustainable._us.mp3]
86	urbanisation	(n)	/ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/	Sự thành thị hoá. =the process in which towns, streets, factories, etc are built where there was once countryside	a time of rapid [urbanization] and industrialization<br>He saw nature being destroyed by [urbanization]<br>public opposition to the [urbanization] of the countryside	<img src="scc-urbanisation-hero.png">	[sound:urbanisation_uk.mp3]	[sound:public_opposition_to_the_urbanization_of_the_countryside_us.mp3]
87	waste	(n)	/weɪst/	Vật thải ra, vật vô giá trị không dùng nữa. =materials that are no longer needed and are thrown away	household/industrial [waste]<br>toxic [wastes]<br>[waste] disposal (= the process of getting rid of waste)	<img src="waste_2.jpg">	[sound:waste_uk.mp3]	[sound:waste_disposal_us.mp3]